Introduction: What is PFAS?
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a category artificially of synthetic chemicals recognized for their persistence in the environment and human bodies, gaining the nickname “forever chemicals.” These compounds have been extensively utilized since the 1940s in industries ranging from non-stick cookware and waterproof fabrics to firefighting foams and food packaging.
At ResolveMass Laboratories Inc., we are dedicated to PFAS testing and analysis, offering support to industries, researchers, and regulatory bodies to detect and mitigate these toxic materials. In this blog, we’ll explain what are they, their risks, detection techniques, and real-world case studies—backed by our years of experience in chemical analysis.
What is PFAS? Breaking Down the Science
1. Chemical Structure of PFAS
They are defined by robust carbon-fluorine (C-F) bonds, one of the strongest in organic chemistry. They are highly resistant to heat, water, and oil—but also nearly indestructible in nature.
2. Common Types
- PFOA (Perfluorooctanoic Acid) – Used in Teflon®
- PFOS (Perfluorooctanesulfonic Acid) – present in firefighting foams
- GenX Chemicals – A modern alternative for PFOA
3. Why Are PFAS Called ‘Forever Chemicals’?
Their strong molecular bonds makes PFAS naturally indestructible, accumulating in soil, water, and even human blood. Alarmingly, research indicates that nearly 98% of Americans carry detectable levels in their bloodstream.
Why Should You Be Concerned About PFAS?
1. Health Risks of Exposure
- Various Cancer (Kidney, testicular)
- Hormone imbalance(Thyroid disease, fertility issues)
- Immune system suppression (Reduced vaccine efficacy)
- Developmental problems (Low birth weight in infants)
2. Environmental Impact
- Water contamination (Drinking water sources near industrial sites)
- Soil and wildlife pollution (Bioaccumulation in fish and animals)
- Prolonged ecological consequences (Decades to break down)
How is PFAS Detected and Regulated?
1. Advanced Testing Methods
At ResolveMass Laboratories Inc., we use advanced techniques to identify even minute levels of PFAS:
- Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) – Highly sensitive for water and soil samples
- High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS) – Effective in Detecting unknown compounds
- EPA Method 537.1 & 533 – Aligned with regulatory standards
2. Global Regulations on PFAS
- U.S. EPA: Proposed maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) for PFOA & PFOS
- EU: Restricted under REACH regulations
- Canada: It is listed as toxic under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA)
Real-World Case Study: Solving PFAS Contamination in Drinking Water
The Problem:
A municipal water supplier in Ontario detected elevated PFAS levels (12 ppt PFOA, exceeding the 5 ppt advisory limit). Residents reported health concerns, and regulatory action was imminent.
Our Approach:
- Comprehensive Sampling: Collected 100+ water samples from wells and treatment plants.
- Advanced LC-MS/MS Testing: Identified PFOS and PFOA as primary contaminants.
- Source Tracking: Traced contamination to a nearby industrial fire-training site.
The Solution:
- Installed granular activated carbon (GAC) filters – Reduced to undetectable levels (<2 ppt).
- Ongoing Monitoring Program – Ensured long-term compliance.
The Outcome:
- Safe drinking water restored within 6 months.
- Regulatory compliance achieved, avoiding $500K+ in potential fines.
How ResolveMass Laboratories Inc. Can Help with PFAS Testing
With state-of-the-art equipment and PhD-level experts, we provide:
✔ Accurate detection in water, soil, food, and consumer products
✔ Regulatory compliance testing (EPA, Health Canada, EU standards)
✔ Customized solutions for industries and municipalities
Learn more about our PFAS testing services →
10 Most Asked FAQs
1. What is PFAS, and why is it harmful?
They are human-made chemicals that resist degradation, accumulating in the environment and human bodies. They are linked to cancer, immune disorders, and developmental issues.
2. How do they enter the human body?
Exposures occurs via contaminated water, food, dust, and consumer products (non-stick pans, waterproof clothing).
3. What industries commonly use PFAS?
- Textiles (waterproof fabrics)
- Food packaging (grease-resistant paper)
- Firefighting foams (AFFF)
- Electronics (semiconductors)
4. How can I test for PFAS in my water?
ResolveMass Laboratories Inc. offers EPA-compliant PFAS water testing with detection limits as low as 2 ppt.
5. Are there safe levels of exposure?
The U.S. EPA advises <4 ppt for PFOA/PFOS, but some states enforce stricter limits.
6. Can PFAS be removed from drinking water?
Yes, using activated carbon filters, reverse osmosis, or ion exchange systems.
7. What are ‘short-chain’ vs. ‘long-chain’ PFAS?
- Long-chain (PFOA, PFOS): More persistent, phased out in many countries.
- Short-chain (GenX): Less studied but still potentially harmful.
8. How long do PFAS stay in the body?
Certain PFAS can linger in the human body for years—typically between 2 to 8 years—allowing them to build up over time with repeated exposure.
9. Is PFAS banned in Canada?
Canada has not banned all of them, but substances like PFOA and PFOS are regulated and listed as toxic under CEPA, limiting their use and import.
10. Where can I get professional PFAS testing?
Contact ResolveMass Laboratories Inc. for reliable, accredited PFAS analysis.
Conclusion: What is PFAS, and How Can You Stay Protected?
Understanding PFAS is crucial for public health and environmental safety. These “forever chemicals” pose long-term risks, but with advanced testing and mitigation strategies, their impact can be minimized.
At ResolveMass Laboratories Inc., we combine scientific expertise, cutting-edge technology, and regulatory knowledge to provide trusted solutions. Whether you’re a municipality, manufacturer, or researcher, we help you detect, analyze, and combat contamination.
Need PFAS testing? Get in touch today →
Additional Resources:
Have questions? Contact our experts now →
ResolveMass Laboratories Inc.: Experience, Expertise, and Trust You Can Count On
ResolveMass Laboratories Inc. is a leading name in nitrosamine testing across the United States and Canada. With over a decade of experience, our PhD-level scientists specialize in Mass Spectrometry and nitrosamine impurity chemistry. We offer complete in-house solutions, including risk assessment, confirmatory analysis, regulatory documentation, and expert consultation. As one of the few Canadian CROs, we also provide custom synthesis of rare nitrosamine impurities unavailable elsewhere. Our commitment to advanced technology and regulatory compliance ensures accurate results and trusted partnerships. Choose ResolveMass Laboratories for precise and transparent nitrosamine testing services.
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References
- Prakash, C. (2024). Overview of impact performance of polymer composites using finite element analysis. In S. K. Palaniappan, R. Lakshminarasimhan, S. M. Rangappa, & S. Siengchin (Eds.), Finite element analysis of polymers and composites (pp. 75–96). Woodhead Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-443-14087-7.00004-5
- Malucelli G., “Polymer Analysis and Characterization,” Polymers (Basel), 2024 Dec 17; 16(24):3509.PMID: 39771361; PMCID: PMC11678654.:https://doi: 10.3390/polym16243509.
